Which programming approach involves two developers sharing one workstation?

The approach that involves two developers sharing one workstation is pair programming. In this practice, one developer writes the code while the other reviews each line of code as it is written. This interactive collaboration fosters better communication and allows for immediate feedback, which can lead to higher-quality code and enhanced problem-solving.

Pair programming is a core practice in Agile development methodologies, promoting teamwork and leveraging the skills of both developers. The pairing can enhance knowledge sharing and helps in mentoring less experienced developers, as they can learn directly from their partner during the coding process.

Other approaches mentioned in the options do not involve this collaborative coding technique. Code review refers to the process of evaluating code after it has been written, rather than collaborating in real time. Test-driven development emphasizes writing tests before coding, focusing on testing rather than direct collaboration at a single workstation. The waterfall methodology is a linear project management approach that does not inherently prioritize any specific coding practices like pair programming.