What type of database utilizes key-value pairs for data storage?

The type of database that utilizes key-value pairs for data storage is the Key-Value Database. In this database model, data is stored in an associative array, where a unique key is associated with a value. This approach allows for fast retrieval of the values based on their keys and is particularly useful for scenarios where the data access pattern is predominantly based on lookups using keys.

Key-value databases are designed for simplicity and performance, often excelling in situations where the data structure is not overly complex and the need for complex querying is minimal. They are widely used in caching, session storage, and real-time applications where quick access to data is essential.

Other database types, like relational databases, store data in structured tables with predefined schemas, making them less flexible for key-value pair storage. Object-oriented databases focus on storing objects, which can encapsulate data and behaviors, while document store databases manage semi-structured data in formats like JSON or XML, allowing for more complex documents but not specifically key-value pairs.