What is a conditional block of code that executes if a condition is true?

A conditional block of code that executes if a condition is true is referred to as an "If Statement." This construct allows developers to perform certain actions based on whether a specific condition evaluates to true. When the condition within the parentheses of the If Statement evaluates to true, the block of code that follows is executed.

In programming, this mechanism is fundamental for decision-making processes, enabling dynamic responses to different inputs or states within a program. The If Statement can also be part of more complex control structures when used with else or else if clauses, but its core function remains as a straightforward way to execute code conditionally.

The other options serve different roles; for instance, an If Else Statement combines an If Statement with an alternative code block for when the condition is false, providing a broader decision-making structure. A Switch Statement evaluates a variable against multiple possible values, offering an efficient way to handle multiple distinct cases. A While Loop, on the other hand, repeatedly executes a block of code as long as a specified condition remains true, rather than just executing once based on a true condition.